Hubungan Pajanan Debu Terigu Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penderita Rinitis Akibat Kerja
Correlation Between Wheat Flour Dust Exposures and the Quality of Life for Patients with Occupational Rhinitis

JURNAL KEDOKTERAN YARSI 18 (1) : 051-062 (2010)
by
Anita Carolina Manuputty, Sutji Pratiwi Rahardjo, Riskiana Djamin, Fadjar Perkasa
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY, Makassar

KATA KUNCI
rinitis akibat kerja; pajanan debu terigu; kualitas hidup

KEYWORDS
occupational rhinitis; wheat flour dust exposure; quality of life

ABSTRAK
Rinitis akibat kerja dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pekerja, menghilangkan banyak waktu kerja yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas namun masih sedikit informasi yang dimiliki mengenai epidemiologi pada industri terigu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara lama pajanan debu terigu dan kejadian rinitis akibat kerja (RAK) terhadap kualitas hidup penderita rinitis akibat kerja pada pekerja pabrik terigu X di Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian potong lintang (cross sectional study). Penelitian dilakukan di pabrik terigu X, yakni di bagian produksi dan pengepakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara lama pajanan debu terigu dan kejadian rinitis akibat kerja (RAK) dengan nilai p<0.05). Akan tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara lama pajanan debu terigu dan penurunan kualitas hidup penderita RAK. Hubungan antara merokok dan kejadian RAK belum dapat dibuktikan, namun didapatkan bahwa merokok tanpa RAK lebih dominan dibandingkan RAK tanpa merokok dalam menyebabkan pemanjangan waktu transpor mukosiliar. Hubungan penggunaan masker dengan kualitas hidup pada kejadian RAK belum dapat dibuktikan, namun didapati bahwa pada pekerja yang tidak secara rutin menggunakan masker terkena RAK dengan risiko yang lebih tinggi dan dapat menurunkan kualitas hidupnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara lama pajanan debu terigu dan kejadian rinitis akibat kerja (RAK) dengan nilai p<0.05). Akan tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara lama pajanan debu terigu dan penurunan kualitas hidup penderita RAK.

ABSTRACT
Occupational rhinitis can decrease quality of life and productivity, but we didn’t had many informations about occupational rhinitis in flour industries. The objective of the research was to analyze the correlation between the duration of the wheat flour dust exposures towards the quality of life of the rhinitis patients as the result of occupation on the wheat flour factory workers in PT. X in Makassar. Rhinitis as the occupational effect could decrease the occupational productivity. A cross-sectional study had been done on the workers of production and packing departments in the wheat flour factory of PT. X. In the research, the significant correlation between the duration of the wheat flour dust exposures and OR occurrence is (p < 0,05), however, there is no significant correlation with the decrease of quality of life of the OR patients. The correlation between smoking and OR cannot be proved yet, however, it is obtained that smoking without OR is more dominant than OR without smoking in causing the lengthening of mucociliary transport time. The relationship between the face mask use and the quality of life on the OR occurrence cannot be proved yet, however, it is obtained that the workers who do not use the face masks routinely can increase the risk higher to be stricken by OR and decrease the quality of life. In the research, the significant correlation between the duration of the wheat flour dust exposures and OR occurrence is (p < 0,05), however, there is no significant correlation with the decrease of quality of life of the OR patients.